Question 1

What should you do if someone has a seizure?

Accepted Answer

Protect them, **time it**, and do not restrain them or put anything in their mouth — two interventions that people instinctively attempt and that cause harm.

**What to do during a convulsive seizure:**

**Note the time it starts.** Duration determines whether it is an emergency, and in the confusion nobody remembers otherwise.

**Clear the area** of anything hard or sharp, and cushion the head with something soft.

**Loosen anything tight** around the neck.

**Do not restrain them** or try to stop the movements. This causes injury to them and to you, and does not shorten the seizure.

**Do not put anything in their mouth.** **Swallowing the tongue is anatomically impossible**, and forcing objects in causes broken teeth, lacerations and injury to the person helping — this is the most persistent and harmful myth about seizures.

**Stay with them**, and keep others back.

**When it stops:** place them in the **recovery position** on their side, check breathing, stay until they are fully alert, and reassure them — confusion, exhaustion and distress afterwards are normal and can last some time. They may not know what happened or where they are.

**When to call emergency services:**

**The seizure lasts more than five minutes**, or repeats without full recovery in between.

**It is their first seizure**, or you do not know.

**They are injured**, or the seizure happened in water.

**They have difficulty breathing** afterwards, or do not regain consciousness.

**They are pregnant or have diabetes.**

**Not all seizures are convulsive.** Focal seizures may involve confusion, staring, lip-smacking, plucking at clothing, or wandering with no awareness. **Do not restrain someone in this state** — guide them gently away from danger, speak calmly, and stay until they are oriented.

**Afterwards:** offer to contact someone, and respect their wishes if they decline an ambulance, since people with established epilepsy frequently do not need one.

**Do not give food or drink** until fully alert.

General information, not medical advice. In an emergency, call your local emergency number.

Question 2

What is a stroke, and what does FAST mean?

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

Why must you fast before an operation?

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

How do talking therapies work, and how do you access them?

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

What should I do if my flu symptoms worsen?

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

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Accepted Answer

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Question 7

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Accepted Answer

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