Question

What is a defrost cycle, and why does my freezer ice up anyway?

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Answer

A defrost cycle periodically melts the frost that accumulates on the evaporator coil — because frost is an insulator, and a coil coated in ice cannot absorb heat efficiently, which makes the appliance work harder and cool worse.

Why frost forms at all. Every time warm, humid air enters, its moisture condenses and freezes on the coldest surface — the evaporator coil, hidden behind the rear panel in frost-free models. Food itself releases moisture too, particularly if uncovered.

How automatic defrost works:

A timer or adaptive control decides when to defrost, typically after a set number of compressor hours.

The compressor stops and a heating element near the evaporator switches on for a short period.

Melted water drains down a channel to a tray on top of the compressor, where the compressor's own warmth evaporates it — which is why you never empty anything.

A defrost thermostat ends the cycle once the coil is clear.

Frost-free means this happens on the evaporator behind the panel, so ice never appears in the compartment you can see.

Why it ices up anyway:

Door seal failure. The most common cause by far. Warm humid air leaks in continuously. Test with a sheet of paper closed in the door — if it pulls out with no resistance, the seal has failed at that point.

A blocked drain channel. Melt water cannot escape, refreezes at the drain, and builds up into a solid sheet at the base. Clearing the drain hole is the fix, and this is the classic cause of "ice at the bottom of my fridge".

A failed defrost heater, thermostat or timer, which produces steadily worsening icing and poor cooling.

Doors left open or opened frequently, and putting warm food straight in.

A misaligned or overfilled door that does not close fully.

Manual defrost models have no heater at all and simply need periodic defrosting once frost exceeds a few millimetres.

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