Can you work from another country for a UK employer?
Sometimes, and it is considerably more complicated than it appears — the obstacles are tax, immigration and employment law in the destination country, none of which cares that your laptop connects to a UK office.
The issues, in order of how often they cause problems:
Immigration. Working in a country generally requires the right to work there. A tourist visa or visa-free entry usually does not permit work, even remote work for a foreign employer — and while enforcement varies, the rule does not. A growing number of countries now offer digital nomad visas specifically to resolve this.
Employer tax presence. An employee working in a country can create a permanent establishment for the employer there, exposing the company to corporate tax and filing obligations in that country. This is the reason most employers refuse, and it is a genuine risk rather than caution — the cost falls on the company, not the employee.
Your personal tax. Tax residence is determined by the destination's rules, frequently based on days present, and you may become taxable there while remaining taxable in the UK. Double taxation agreements exist to resolve this and require action rather than operating automatically.
Social security. Which country's contributions are due is governed by specific rules and agreements; getting it wrong can mean paying twice or building entitlement nowhere.
Employment law. Working in a country can bring local employment protections into play — minimum holiday, termination rules, working time — regardless of what the contract says.
Payroll obligations, where the employer may have to register and operate local payroll.
Data protection, where accessing personal data from another country is a transfer.
Insurance and equipment cover, which frequently lapse outside the UK.
What employers actually do: refuse entirely; permit short periods within a defined annual limit; use an employer of record in the destination; or require a change to contractor status.
What you should do: ask first and get written approval; never assume a short stay is invisible, since payroll and IT records show location; and check the destination's day thresholds.
General information, not legal or tax advice.