Why should you let a fridge stand before switching it on?
Because moving a fridge — particularly on its side — can let compressor oil migrate into the refrigerant lines, and running the compressor before it drains back can cause damage.
The mechanism. The compressor sits at the bottom and contains oil that lubricates its moving parts. The refrigerant circuit is a sealed loop of narrow tubing carrying refrigerant as it changes phase. In normal upright operation, oil stays in the compressor sump and a small amount circulates with the refrigerant by design.
Tip the appliance, and oil can flow out of the sump into the discharge line and onward into the condenser and narrow capillary tube.
Why that is a problem:
The compressor may run with insufficient oil, causing wear or seizure.
Oil in the capillary tube restricts refrigerant flow. That tube is extremely narrow by design, and oil is far more viscous than refrigerant. A blockage means poor or no cooling, and diagnosing it looks exactly like a refrigerant fault.
Liquid refrigerant reaching the compressor can cause damage, since compressors are designed to compress gas, not liquid.
How long to wait. Manufacturer guidance varies and is what you should follow. The common advice is a few hours if it was kept upright throughout, and considerably longer — frequently overnight, and some say as long as it was on its side — if it was laid down. If it travelled upright and was only gently tilted, the wait is short.
Related practical points:
Standing it upright is what matters, not the ambient temperature.
A newly switched-on fridge runs continuously for hours while pulling the whole cabinet down to temperature. That is normal, not a fault.
Do not load it with food immediately — let it reach temperature first, ideally checked with a thermometer.
Transporting upright is always preferable, and most manufacturers say so explicitly in the manual. If you must lay one down, note which side, since the correct side depends on where the compressor's oil fill is.