Was Einstein really bad at maths in school?
No. This is one of the most durable myths in popular history, and Einstein himself explicitly denied it. Shown a version of the claim in a newspaper, he responded: "I never failed in mathematics. Before I was fifteen I had mastered differential and integral calculus."
The record supports him. He was an outstanding student in mathematics and physics from an early age, taught himself advanced material well ahead of his schooling, and worked through a geometry textbook at twelve that he later described with genuine affection.
The myth appears to have two roots. The first is that in 1895, at sixteen — two years younger than the normal entry age — he sat the entrance examination for the Swiss Federal Polytechnic in Zurich and did not gain admission. He scored excellently in mathematics and physics but fell short in the general section, which covered subjects including French, botany and zoology. He spent a year at a school in Aarau and entered the Polytechnic the following year.
The second root is a grading confusion. The Aarau school changed its marking scale so that 6 became the top mark where it had previously been the bottom. Einstein's transcript shows a row of 6s, and readers assuming the older convention concluded he had been failing.
What is true is that he disliked rote learning and clashed with the rigid, authoritarian style of his Munich schooling, leaving it before completing his certificate. He was also not an immediate academic success after graduating — he failed to secure a university post and took a job at the Swiss patent office, where he wrote the 1905 papers that changed physics.
The struggle in his story was institutional, not mathematical.