Are cheap third-party chargers and cables actually dangerous?
Some genuinely are — and the risk is not evenly distributed, so the useful question is not "branded or not" but whether the product actually contains what safe operation requires.
What a safe mains charger must do. It converts mains voltage to low-voltage DC while maintaining isolation between the two. That isolation is what stands between you and mains voltage, and it depends on physical separation distances inside the device, a properly specified transformer, and insulation.
What teardowns of very cheap chargers have repeatedly found:
Inadequate isolation distances between mains and output sides — sometimes fractions of a millimetre where standards require several — so a single fault can put mains voltage on the cable you are holding.
Missing or dummy components, including fuses and filtering.
Counterfeit safety markings, which are trivially printed and mean nothing on their own.
Poor construction, with solder bridges and unsecured internals.
Genuine incidents have included electrocution and fires, which is why regulators run periodic enforcement against online marketplaces.
Cables, which fail differently. A cable rarely electrocutes you; it fails by:
Insufficient conductor gauge, causing heat and voltage drop.
Missing resistors or e-marker chips in USB-C, which tell devices how much current may be drawn — a wrongly specified cable can cause a device to draw more than the cable safely carries. Early USB-C had well-publicised cases of cables that damaged hardware.
Poor strain relief, the ordinary failure mode.
How to buy safely without paying for a brand:
Buy from reputable sellers, not marketplace listings from unknown sellers — counterfeits of good brands are widespread, and the packaging is convincing.
Look for a real manufacturer name and address on the product, which is a legal requirement and frequently absent on the worst items.
Prefer products certified by the relevant standards body for the connector type.
Weight is a crude but real signal — a charger far lighter than an equivalent usually lacks components.
Third-party is not the problem. Reputable independent manufacturers make excellent chargers, frequently better than the ones supplied in the box.